Christian Bale
My favorite technique in cinematography is Method acting. In my opinion, this technique creates a sense of reality. Christian Bale is perfect example for me of someone who is using Method Acting successfully.
Christian Bale, born January 30, 1974, Welsh-born English actor who was known for his portrayal of complex psychologically tormented characters. Bale made his big-screen debut, with little formal training as an actor, at age 13 in Empire of the Sun (1987).
His performance as serial killer Patrick Bateman in American Psycho (2000) brought Bale additional attention. Known for immersing himself in roles, Bale lost some 63 pounds (29 kg) for the grim psychological thriller The Machinist (2004), in which he played an insomniac factory worker who has not slept in a year and may be losing his mind. He regained the weight to portray the dual role of Bruce Wayne and Batman in Batman Begins (2005). The new take on the iconic superhero was a critical and commercial success. Bale then morphed into a bloated, swaggering con artist in director David O. Russell’s American Hustle (2013), for which he received an Oscar nomination for best actor. Bale assumed the role of Moses in Ridley Scott’s biblical epic Exodus: Gods and Kings (2014) and then portrayed an eccentric money manager in the black comedy The Big Short (2015), about the 2008 financial crisis. His work in the latter film earned Bale his third Oscar nomination. In director Terrence Malick’s Knight of Cups (2015), his existentially confused wastrel wanders Los Angeles, engaging in sexual dalliances and probing his familial relationships.
Key Creative Team
There are many ways how the movie could be made. It might be a script writer is looking for a producer, director or producing company to make a movie. It might be otherwise a producer or producing company is looking for a great script and only after finding a suitable story the director will be hired and so on. In my research I will look at different roles which are used in movie set.
I did not expect to see so many roles which are attend to movie making. The striking discovery for me was a position of Director of Cinematography or Photography. This person sets the light and mood of the movie.
In this video we are talking about people on a set and what is their job is.
Movie Genres
Action
Movies in the action genre are defined by risk and stakes. While many movies may feature an action sequence, to be appropriately categorized inside the action genre, the bulk of the content must be action-oriented, including fight scenes, stunts, car chases, and general danger.
Disaster
Disaster movies are defined by a large amount of destruction, specifically from naturally occurring events, where characters try to survive. If an alien force is the force of destruction, the film will be categorized as science fiction rather than a straight disaster movie. Ex.The Day After Tomorrow (2004), Dante’s Peak (1997).
Adventure
Movies in the adventure genre are defined by a journey, often including some form of pursuit, and can take place in any setting. Some of Steven Spielberg's best movies capture the essence of what makes this genre so exciting. Ex. Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), Lawrence of Arabia (1962).
Superhero
The superhero movie is defined by characters not only with supernatural abilities but using those abilities for altruistic purposes. If the film has superpowers that are used for questionable purposes, it would be more of a supernatural thriller versus a “superhero” movie. Marvel movies have been dominating of late, but they only occupy a small percentage of the best superhero movies ever made. Ex. Iron Man (2008), X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014).
Animation Genre
The animation genre is defined by inanimate objects being manipulated to appear as though they are living. This can be done in many ways and can incorporate any other genre and sub-genre on this list. For more info on animation, you can dive deeper on the types of animation or see our list of the best animated movies of all time.
Comedy Genre
The comedy genre is defined by events that are intended to make someone laugh, no matter if the story is macabre, droll, or zany. Comedy can be found in most movies, but if most of the film is intended to be a comedy you may safely place it in this genre. The best comedy movies range throughout this entire spectrum of humour.
Romantic Comedy
Romantic comedies (aka Rom-Coms) are defined by comedy derived from relationship frustrations that are intimate in nature. This includes any combination of gender or situation across the sexual spectrum with films that include some of the best romantic quotes ever written. Some of Woody Allen's best movies redefined the genre. Ex. Sleepless in Seattle (1993), How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days (2003).
Spoof
A spoof is broader than a parody because it mocks an entire genre or collection of similar, but separate works. Where parody targets a specific piece of art or entertainment, spoofs target the entire genre.
Ex. The Naked Gun (1988), Not Another Teen Movie (2001).
Sitcom
A sitcom (situational comedy) is defined by a set group of people who must navigate through humorous situations and misunderstandings. Sitcoms in the past were very often captured using multiple cameras on a soundstage, but it is by no means required. For an inside look at how sitcoms are written, download your own copy of this Seinfeld script.
Ex. Seinfeld (1989), It’s Always Sunny in Philadelphia (2005).
Mockumentary
Mockumentaries use the documentary format for parody, satire, or spoof. They don’t mock the format, but rather use the format to mock. Ex. This is Spinal Tap (1984), The Office (2004).
Crime Genre
The crime genre deals with both sides of the criminal justice system but does not focus on legislative matters or civil suits and legal actions. The best crime movies often occupy moral gray areas where heroes and villains are much harder to define. Many of Martin Scorsese's best movies or Quentin Tarantino's movies fall within the crime genre.
Heist
The heist sub-genre is defined by a criminal, or group of criminals, who set out to steal something valuable, and have a more serious tone when compared to a caper story. The subjects must navigate a set of obstacles and avoid law enforcement, and often the “getaway” is incorporated.
Ex. Heat (1995), The Score (2001).
Detective
A detective story follows an investigator or set of investigators, either private or as a representative of a government, and follows the clues and revelations of a particular case or set of cases.
Ex. L.A. Confidential (1997), Se7en (1995).
Drama Genre
The drama genre is defined by conflict, and often looks to reality rather than sensationalism. Emotions and intense situations are the focus, but where other genres might use unique or exciting moments to create a feeling, movies in the drama genre focus on common occurrences. Drama is a very broad category and untethered to any era — from movies based on Shakespeare to contemporary narratives.
Melodrama
A modern melodrama is defined by the prioritization dramatic rhetoric and plot over character. The events are intended to elicit an intense emotional response. A melodrama strives for situations used to illustrate a larger moral thesis that acts as an agent of empathy.
Ex. Beaches (1988), The Fault in our Stars (2012).
Docudrama
A docudrama takes real life accounts and recreates them in a way that attempts to accurately represent events while also realizing the dramatic potential of those events. Docudramas are held to a higher standard of accuracy (not quality) than historical accounts or memoirs.
Ex. Captain Phillips (2013), 127 Hours (2010).
Experimental Genre
The experimental genre is often defined by the idea that the work of art and entertainment does not fit into a particular genre or sub-genre and is intended as such. Experimental art can completely forego a cohesive narrative in exchange for an emotional response or nothing at all.
Surrealist
The surrealist sub-genre cannot be stylistically defined, and this is the point of the sub-genre itself. The intention of surrealist art is to act as an activity to broaden horizons, either of oneself or of others. Surrealist art often uses irrational imagery to activate the subconscious mind. Ex. Eraserhead (1977), 8 ½ (1963).
Absurdist
The absurdist sub-genre focuses on characters who experience situations that suggest there is no central purpose to life. Another way to frame it is a set of experiences that catalyze a descent into nihilism. Ex. The Exterminating Angel (1962), Brazil (1985).
Fantasy Genre
The fantasy genre is defined by both circumstance and setting inside a fictional universe with an unrealistic set of natural laws. The possibilities of fantasy are nearly endless, but the movies will often be inspired by or incorporate human myths.
The genre often adheres to general human psychology and societal behavior while incorporating non-scientific concepts like magic, mythical creatures, and supernatural elements.
Contemporary Fantasy
A contemporary fantasy story introduces elements of fantasy into or around a world that closely resembles the time period when it was conceived. Urban fantasy can serve as a contemporary fantasy, but must take place in an urban setting whereas contemporary fantasy can be set anywhere that resembles the corresponding time period.
Ex. Harry Potter (2001), The Chronicles of Narnia (2005).
Dark Fantasy
A dark fantasy is a story where elements of fantasy are introduced into a hostile and frightening world. If a significant portion of the story takes place in a world that has a range of circumstances, mood, and tone it would most likely be categorized as a high fantasy or general fantasy. Ex. Pan’s Labyrinth (2006), Solomon Kane (2009).
Historical Genre
The historical genre can be split into two sections. One deals with accurate representations of historical accounts which can include biographies, autobiographies and memoirs. The other section is made up of fictional movies that are placed inside an accurate depiction of a historical setting.
The accuracy of a historical story is measured against historical accounts, not fact, as there can never be a perfectly factual account of any event without first-hand experience.
Historical Event
The historical event genre focuses on a story that creates a dramatized depiction of an event that exists in popular accounts of history. This is different from a biography in that it focuses on an event.
Ex. Apollo 13 (1995), Lincoln (2012)
Biography
A biography is a story that details a life and is told by someone other than the subject. A biography will often span a large portion of the subject's life, but in some rare cases it may focus on the time period where that person’s life had the greatest effect of history and society. Ex. A Beautiful Mind (2001), Catch Me If You Can (2002)
Historical Epic
A historical epic is the dramatized account of a large scale event that has an attached historical account. They often feature battles, romance, and journeys, and will commonly revise history or provide assumptions that fill in gaps in the account of the historical event.
Ex. Ben-Hur (1959), Troy (2004)
Historical Fiction
Historical fiction takes place during a historical time period, and will often take a more liberal approach to representing history for the sake of drama and entertainment. Historical fiction may use real life events and people to build context, but they’re meant to be accepted as a supposition rather than serve as an accurate historical account.
Ex. Spartacus (1960), Titanic (1997)
Horror Genre
Horror movies are centered upon depicting terrifying or macabre events for the sake of entertainment. A thriller might tease the possibility of a terrible event, whereas a horror film will deliver all throughout the film. The best horror movies are designed to get the heart pumping.
Ghost
A ghost movie uses the spirit or soul of a deceased creature to introduce elements of horror. These movies can take place in any time period and are only required to evoke terror through the use of ghosts.
Ex.The Frighteners (1996), The Others (2001)
Occult
Occult movies are defined by an extension of pure reason and use paranormal themes to introduce elements of horror. Occult literally translates into “hidden from view” and involves the study of a deeper spiritual reality that extends scientific observation.
Ex. Hereditary (2018), Rosemary’s Baby (1968)
Slasher
A slasher story introduces elements of horror through an antagonist or set of antagonists who stalk and murder a group of people, most commonly through the use of a blade or a sharp weapon. The slasher movie is so engrained in our movie culture, even non-slasher movies use some of the same techniques and trope.
Ex. Halloween (1978), The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (1974)
Zombie
The zombie movie has roots all the way back to the '30s but it didn't really kick into high gear until the late 1960s. The general plot of the best zombie movies involves a group of characters trying to survive in a world overrun by zombies. The specific cause for the event ranges from infectious disease to experimental drugs gone wrong.
Ex. Night of the Living Dead (1968) and 28 Days Later (2002)
Romance Genre
The romance genre is defined by intimate relationships. Sometimes these movies can have a darker twist, but the idea is to lean on the natural conflict derived from the pursuit of intimacy and love.
Romance Drama
The romance-drama sub-genre is defined by the conflict generated from a romantic relationship. What makes a romance-drama different from a romantic-thriller is both the source of the drama but also the intentions and motivations that drive each character’s perspective. Ex. Revolutionary Road (2008), Blue Valentine (2010)
Romance Thriller
The romance-thriller sub-genre is defined by a suspenseful story that includes and is most likely based around a romantic relationship. Some romantic thrillers can divert into psychological thrillers where the relationship is used to manipulate, but most focus on the characters attempting to make it out of events so that they may be together.
Ex. The Saint (1997), Unfaithful (2002)
Period Romance
A period-romance story is defined by the setting, and can include and incorporate other romance sub-genres. The setting must be a historical time period, and often will adhere to the societal norms of the specific time period, though some movies have taken a more revisionist approach. Ex. Pride & Prejudice (2005), Jane Eyre (2011)
Science Fiction Genre
Science fiction is defined by a mixture of speculation and science. While fantasy will explain through or make use of magic and mysticism, science fiction will use the changes and trajectory of technology and science. Science fiction will often incorporate space, biology, energy, time, and any other observable science. Most of James Cameron's best movies lean heavily on science fiction.
Apocalyptic
The apocalyptic sub-genre is based around the occurrence, effects, and struggle generated by an apocalyptic event. While a dystopian story may incorporate a large war or apocalyptic event in its narrative history, it will include a centralized government that was formed after the event. Apocalyptic movies will not have a centralized government, but may feature smaller societies and tribes as part of the story.
Ex. 12 Monkeys (1995), 28 Days Later (2002)
Utopian
The utopian genre is defined by the creator’s view of an idyllic world, since each person has a unique view of what they deem to be the absence of struggle and incident, but generally themes included in the movies are peace, harmony, and a world without hunger or homelessness. In the past, utopian movies have been tied to satire because the nature of a story is often conflict, and a utopian society is viewed as an unrealistic concept.
Ex. Gattaca (1997), Tomorrowland (2015)
Cyberpunk
The cyberpunk sub-genre is defined by a mixture of a desperate society oversaturated with crime that takes place in a high tech world that includes cybernetic organisms, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence. Ex. Blade Runner (1982), Elysium (2013) are just two of the best cyberpunk movies we've ever seen.
Space Opera
A space opera is defined by a mixture of space warfare, adventure, and romance. The genre got its name from similarities to “soap operas” and “horse operas” due to their collective connection to melodrama. The term “space opera” has no connection to music of any kind.
Ex. Star Wars: A New Hope (1977), The Fifth Element (1997)
Thriller Genre
A thriller story is mostly about the emotional purpose, which is to elicit strong emotions, mostly dealing with generating suspense and anxiety.
Psychological
A psychological thriller focuses and emphasizes the unstable psychological state of the characters inside the story. Often there is a mysterious set of circumstances, and a paranoia, warranted or otherwise, that catalyzes extreme actions from the characters. Many of Darren Aronofsky's best movies explore the dark depths inside the broken psyche of his protagonists.
Mystery
A mystery story can often be connected to the crime genre, but may not involve or use law enforcement or the justice system as the main mains characters or backdrop for the story. A mystery story is defined by the plot, and both the character’s and viewer’s relationship with the motivations and reality behind the events that occur. If you've seen any of M. Night Shyamalan's movies, you know how mystery plays a part.
Western Genre
Westerns are defined by their setting and time period. The story needs to take place in the American West, which begins as far east as Missouri and extends to the Pacific ocean. They’re set during the 19th century, and will often feature horse riding, military expansion, violent and non-violent interaction with Native American tribes, the creation of railways, gunfights, and technology created during the industrial revolution.
Musical Genre
Musicals originated as stage plays, but they soon became a favorite for many film directors and have even made their way into television. Musicals can incorporate any other genre, but they incorporate characters who sing songs and perform dance numbers.
War Genre
The war genre has a few debatable definitions, but we’re going to try to be as straightforward and impartial as humanly possible. Movies in the war genre center around large scale conflicts between opposing forces inside a universe that shares the same natural laws as our own.
War movies can be historical accounts, fictionalized events, or future speculations that incorporate civilian interaction, political interaction and espionage that takes place alongside a large scale, violent conflict. Some of the best WWII movies include all of those elements.
https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/movie-genres-list/#action-genre
Lighting
Lighting helps to create mood and atmosphere in the cinematography. Here 13 different lights which are used in film making.
https://www.premiumbeat.com/blog/basic-light-placements/
https://nofilmschool.com/film-lighting-techniques-and-examples
Blocking
Blocking is important in movie making process. Blocking gives understanding to the creative crew how actors would move during the shoot. Usually it is a director who explains ideas, but often actors have some suggestions too.
Often directors use story board where they already planned all shots, it helps to plan everything in advance.
As an actor it is important to know what kind of shots are going to be, where a partner on the scene is going to go, how would camera move, with what actor can and should interact on the set, where is black zones.
https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/blocking-and-staging-scenes/#Staging-Vs-Blocking
Camera shots
Camera shots, different angles, speed, stability, how close camera to the object, is it in focus or not? These and other characteristics help to create a story and make the audience thrilled or happy.
In this article what I found in the internet I found so much information about it - https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/ultimate-guide-to-camera-shots/
Health and Safety
On each set producer/theatre company should be ensure that it is safe and healthy environment for actors/employees. https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg360.pdf - in this file on page 2 and 3 it is said what a theatre company’s responsibilities are towards to employees. At the same time, it is said, that everyone on production is responsible for their actions. It means, that everyone responsible to be ensure that their work place is safe. And if it is not safe, then it should be told to producer/director/stage manager about possible risks.
As a performer/member of the crew my main Health and Safety responsibility are:
to take reasonable care of themselves and others who may be affected by what they do or fail to do;
to co-operate with the employer in carrying out activities intended to meet the employer’s health and safety responsibilities, eg by following instructions, using personal protective equipment, reporting accidents and near-miss incidents;
to work within the limits of their competence;
to attend training as required by the employer;
raise any health and safety concerns with their head of department, line manager or producer;
co-operate with the producer or a nominated person in all matters relating to health and safety.
To become responsible for Health and Safety on the set there is a training programme. However, only practicing on set and polishing this skill someone could become a responsible for it.
Risk assessments help to prevent risk situations before they happened. The responsible person or producer/director/stage manager should examine a work place. There are 5 steps to prevent a hazard:
Look for hazards
Decide who might be harmed and how
Evaluate the risk (if it is not possible to avoid risk completely, then reduce it)
Record the significant findings
Review and revise your risk assessment
It is important to pay attention to Health and Safety on the set, because it might be dangerous for actors and crew. If lights do not fix properly, they might fall down. If a cable is bare and under electric pressure, it might cause a trauma or death. If a person is going to be lifted in the performance, but ropes are old or not checked than the risk of accidents grows.